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String Interpolation

String interpolation is the ability to embed expressions directly into string literals:

Console.printLine("The answer is \{7 * 9}!")

This displays The answer is 63!.

String interpolations are introduced with a backslash followed by a left curly brace (\{) and ended by a right curly brace (}). In addition to simply embedding expressions, string interpolation allows for format strings:

Console.printLine("The answer in hexadecimal is 0x\{7 * 9:x}!")

This displays The answer in hexadecimal is 0x3f!. This works because Int implements the Formattable interface and understands the format string "x" to mean "format in hexadecimal". Other built-in types have their own ideas of how to interpret format strings, and you may implement Formattable on your own types to add support for your own format strings.

String interpolation also allows for field specifiers:

Console.printLine("This answer is always at least six digits long: \{7 * 9,0>6}")

This displays This answer is always at least six digits long: 000063. The field specifier 0>6 means "use the character '0' to right-align this value into a string at least 6 characters long". You may also use < to left-align and ^ to center.

Format strings and field specifiers may be combined:

Console.printLine("I calculated something: \{7 * 9,#^8:x}")

This displays I calculated something: ###3f###.